Instructions

op format: iiOOOOOO

• i: if # jump.

• i: if @ use indirect register.

  • 00: nothing

  • 01: indirect, not change register

  • 10: indirect, increment register

  • 11: indirect, decrement register

• O: opcode

NOTE1: @arg -> support indirect

NOTE2: @ can change instruction behaviour

instruction	id	arg1	arg2	description
PUSH_NULL	0x00	none	none	push NULL value
PUSH_NULL_N	0x01	u8	none	pushes N null values onto the stack
PUSH_TRUE	0x02	none	none	push boolean true value
PUSH_FALSE	0x03	none	none	push boolean false value
PUSH_INT	0x04	i32	none	push integer value
PUSH_UINT	0x05	u32	none	push unsigned integer value
PUSH_0	0x06	none	none	push unsigned integer 0
PUSH_1	0x07	none	none	push unsigned integer 1
PUSH_CHAR	0x08	u8	none	push unsigned integer value of char
PUSH_FLOAT	0x09	f32	none	push float value
PUSH_CONST_UINT8	0x0a	@u32	none	push constant uint8 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_INT8	0x0b	@u32	none	push constant int8 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_UINT16	0x0c	@u32	none	push constant uint16 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_INT16	0x0d	@u32	none	push constant int16 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_UINT32	0x0e	@u32	none	push constant uint32 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_INT32	0x0f	@u32	none	push constant int32 value from program address
PUSH_CONST_FLOAT	0x10	@u32	none	push constant float value from program address
PUSH_CONST_STRING	0x11	@u32	none	push constant string value from program address
NEW_LIB_OBJ	0x12	none	none	create a new heap object referenced to library. @ make static (will not be released by GC)
NEW_HEAP_OBJECT	0x13	none	none	make a new heap object and move first element of stack to new object. @ make static (will not be released by GC)
PUSH_HEAP_OBJECT	0x14	none	none	push a heap object
FREE_HEAP_OBJECT	0x15	none	none	mark as free a HEAP object
NEW_ARRAY	0x16	u16	none	create new array in heap and fill with n elements from stack. Push heap index
PUSH_ARRAY	0x17	none	none	push array to stack
GET_ARRAY_VALUE	0x18	@u16	none	get value from array
SET_ARRAY_VALUE	0x19	@u16	none	set value on array
ADD	0x1a	none	none	add top and second element from stack
SUB	0x1b	none	none	subtract top and second element from stack
MUL	0x1c	none	none	multiply top and second element from stack
DIV	0x1d	none	none	divide top and second element from stack
MOD	0x1e	none	none	module from top and second element of stack
OR	0x1f	none	none	logical or from top and second element of stack
AND	0x20	none	none	logical and from top and second element of stack
LT	0x21	none	none	lesser. in mod jump if true
LTE	0x22	none	none	lesser or equal. in mod jump if true
GT	0x23	none	none	greater. in mod jump if true
GTE	0x24	none	none	greater or equal. in mod jump if true
INC	0x25	none	none	increment number (if not number do nothing). in mod jump
DEC	0x26	none	none	decrement number (if not number do nothing). in mod jump
EQU	0x27	none	none	equality. in mod jump if true
NOT	0x28	none	none	binary not
SET_GLOBAL	0x29	u32	none	set global variable (global 0xffffffff is indirect register)
GET_GLOBAL	0x2a	u32	none	get global variable (global 0xffffffff is indirect register)
GOTO	0x2b	@u32	none	jump to pc
GOTOZ	0x2c	@u32	none	jump to pc if top stack is zero
CALL	0x2d	u8	@u32	call function in pc with u8 stack reserved for local variables
RETURN	0x2e	none	none	return from function without values
RETURN_VALUE	0x2f	none	none	return from function with value
CALL_FOREIGN	0x30	u8	@u32	call foreign function
LIB_FN	0x31	u8	@u32	call library function entry for lib_obj in stack with u8 function call type and u32 arguments
GET_LOCAL	0x32	u32	none	get local variable
GET_LOCAL_FF	0x33	u8	none	get local variable (first 0xff)
SET_LOCAL	0x34	u32	none	set local variable
SET_LOCAL_FF	0x35	u8	none	set local variable (first 0xff)
GET_RETVAL	0x36	none	none	push in stack value from function return
TO_TYPE	0x37	u8	none	convert value to new type
DROP	0x38	none	none	drop top of stack
SWAP	0x39	none	none	swap top and second element on stack
HALT	0x3a	u8	none	stop vm

Instruction Description

PUSH_NULL

Push NULL value

Program: none

Stack: ( - NULL)

PUSH_NULL_N

Pushes N null values onto the stack

Program: u8 = N

Stack: ( - NULL ..(n) NULL)

PUSH_TRUE

Push boolean true value

Program: none

Stack: ( - true )

PUSH_FALSE

Push boolean false value

Program: none

Stack: ( - false )

PUSH_INT

Push integer value

Program: i32

Stack: ( - i32 )

PUSH_UINT

Push unsigned integer value

Program: none

Stack: ( - u32 )

PUSH_0

Push unsigned integer 0

Program: none

Stack: ( - 0 )

PUSH_1

Push unsigned integer 1

Program: none

Stack: ( - 1 )

PUSH_CHAR

Push unsigned integer value of char

Program: u8

Stack: ( - u8 )

PUSH_FLOAT

Push float value

Program: f32

Stack: ( - f32 )

PUSH_CONST_UINT8

Push constant uint8 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - u8 )

PUSH_CONST_INT8

Push constant int8 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - i8 )

PUSH_CONST_UINT16

Push constant uint16 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - u16 )

PUSH_CONST_INT16

Push constant int16 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - i16 )

PUSH_CONST_UINT32

Push constant uint32 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - u32 )

PUSH_CONST_INT32

Push constant int32 value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - i32 )

PUSH_CONST_FLOAT

Push constant float value from program address

Create a copy of a value in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - f32 )

PUSH_CONST_STRING

Push constant string value from program address

Create a static reference of a string in program area

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - cstr )

NEW_LIB_OBJ

Create a new heap object library

Create a new heap object referenced to library. @ make static (will not be released by GC)

Program: none

Stack: ( lib id - )

NEW_HEAP_OBJECT

Make a new generic heap object

Make a new heap object and move first element of stack to new object. @ make static (will not be released by GC)

Program: none

Stack: ( value - )

PUSH_HEAP_OBJECT

Push a heap object

Program: none

Stack: ( id - )

FREE_HEAP_OBJECT

Mark as free a heap object

Program: none

Stack: ( id - )

NEW_ARRAY

Create new array in heap and fill with n elements from stack. Push heap index

Create a new array in Heap, fill with stack elements and return an array object

Program: u16

Stack: ( value ...(n) value - array )

PUSH_ARRAY

Push array to stack

Return an array object of Heap idx index

Program: none

Stack: ( idx - array )

GET_ARRAY_VALUE

Get value from array

Program: @u16

Stack: ( - value )

SET_ARRAY_VALUE

Set value on array

Program: @u16

Stack: ( value - )

ADD

Add top and second element from stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

SUB

Subtract top and second element from stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

MUL

Multiply top and second element from stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

DIV

Divide top and second element from stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

MOD

Module from top and second element of stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

OR

Logical OR from top and second element of stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - value )

AND

Logical AND from top and second element of stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

LT

Lesser

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

LTE

Lesser or equal

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

GT

Greater

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

GTE

Greater or equal

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

INC

Increment

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value - value )

DEC

Decrement

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value - value )

EQU

Equality

Program: #u32

Stack: ( value value - true/false )

NOT

Binary negation

Program: none

Stack: ( bool - bool )

SET_GLOBAL

Set global variable

Program: u32

Stack: ( value - )

GET_GLOBAL

Get global variable

Program: u32

Stack: ( - value )

GOTO

Jump to program position

Program: @u32

Stack: ( - )

GOTOZ

Jump to program position if top stack is zero

Program: @u32

Stack: ( value - )

CALL

Call function in program position

Program: u8: reserved space for local variables, @u32: program position

Stack: ( - )

RETURN

Return from function without values

Program: none

Stack: ( - )

RETURN_VALUE

Return from function with value

Value returned is saved on ret_val register

Program: none

Stack: ( - )

CALL_FOREIGN

Call foreign function

Program: u8: internal function (see FFI), @u32: Foreign function id

Stack: ( - )

LIB_FN

Call library function

Program: u8: internal function (see LIBRARIES), @u32: Library id

Stack: ( - )

GET_LOCAL

Get local variable

Program: u32: local index

Stack: ( - value )

GET_LOCAL_FF

Get local variable (first 255)

Program: u8: local index

Stack: ( - value )

SET_LOCAL

Set local variable

Program: u32: local index

Stack: ( value - )

SET_LOCAL_FF

Set local variable (first 255)

Program: u8: local index

Stack: ( value - )

GET_RETVAL

Push in stack value from function return

Retrieve value for return register

Program: none

Stack: ( - value )

TO_TYPE

Convert value to new type

Program: u8: new type

Stack: ( value - value )

DROP

Drop top of stack

Program: none

Stack: ( value - )

SWAP

Swap top and second element on stack

Program: none

Stack: ( a b - b a )

HALT

Stop VM

Returns a value for internal uses

Program: u8

Stack: ( - )